Powered by Dr. Nick Yurchenko (Kyiv, Ukraine)
In the framework of building the UGNs as an alliance of green countries, less scale and more manageable associational agreements, initiatives and
innovations (AAIIs) are possible. These AAIIs, including the newest bilateral,
trilateral and multilateral environmental coalitions (alliances, associations,
etc.), should be based in the first approximation on the theory and practices
of self-enforcing International Environmental Agreements, IEAs (e.g., Carraro,
1999), up to IEAs between asymmetric nations.
In this context, we propose to combine
four eco-surplus countries with the powerful national economies, namely Australia, Brazil,
Canada and Russian Federation, into
the Green ABCR Group (our term).
On the background of alliances
homogeneous on footprint undershoot, there are serious problems in
interpretation of heterogeneous alliances like the BRIC Group (or G8, G20,
etc.). Unfortunately, developing China
and India
are countries with ever-growing eco-deficit (Global Footprint Network Selected
Reports). Moreover,
China and India, in contrast to Brazil
and Russia,
are large net buyers of overseas farmlands (Robertson & Pinstrup-Andersen, 2010). It means that the
generally recognized BRIC Group has the deep environment based contradictions in addition to the available
political, economical, mental and other problems.
BRICS Group is also heterogeneous on
footprint undershoot, because South
Africa is eco-deficit and land-buying
country (Robertson & Pinstrup-Andersen, 2010).
In general, our proposition allows to
redesign fundamentally an available global system of alliances based on deep environmental principles instead of (retro)territorial, (retro)political
and (retro)economical ones.
